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AM. PHOTO-LITRO. C0. N-Y (DSBURN E'S PROCESS) gleiten gisten utrut @flirty J. E.A CROMW'ELL, or JACKSON, MICHIGAN.

Letters Patent No. 66,569, dated July 9,

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TOALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, J. CROMWELL, of Jackson, in the county of Jackson, and. State of Michigan, `have invented a new and improved Lathe for Turning Wagon-Axles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and cxactrdescription thereof, reference being had` to'the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification. l

The nature of this4 invention relates to a machine for turning wagon-axles, or the arms of axles that run in the wheel, and consists in the combination of saws and cutters. that work in conjunction with ea'ch other in forming and giving the proper shape to the arm of the axle. It also consists in the novel arrangement of the feed-works, or gauge, which operates against a pattern, which is duplicated by the machine in the most accurate and precise manner.V For heavy wagon-work this machine is peculiarly adapted, and may he used to great advantage and profit. It is well known that to fit up the arm of a wagon-axle is a slow and laborious process, and the want of a machine for doing this work has been for a long time felt; `and it is believed that by my invention a greatand valuable labor-saving machine has been produced, and one that does its work with far greater accuracy and perfection than can possibl'y be done by hand.

To enable othorss'killed in the art to makeand use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation. l v

Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved lathe.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical elevation, with the side of the frame removed from the line Xv X.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.

A represents a frame made of wood, of any suitable dimensions and strength to support all the machinery of my improved lathe. Bis a shaft, provided with journals that run in suitable bearings, secured to the posts of the frame A. Upon this shaft B is a large driving-band wheel, C, over which a belt, a, passes, andworks over a small pulley, b, upon the shaft Upon this shaft D are also two long drums 'or pulleys E E, over` which belts F F pass, and work over the pulleys upon the saw-shafts H II, g..2, that drive the cutters and saws I Il. l Upon the said shaft D are two small pulleys .I J'. A belt passes over the pulley .I and works over a large pulley, K, that is secured to the screw feed-shaft L, that moves the guide or gauge-wheels M M along the pattern N, that revolves on pivots O 0. Over the pulley J', which isvsecured to the shaft D, is a belt that passes and Works over the pulley R, which is made fast to the outer end of the shaft Q. Upon this shaft Q is also another pulley I?, over which a belt passesand Works over the pulley S, the shaft'of which runs in hearings, secured to the pendent or hinged frame T. On the shaft of the said pulley S and 'within the frame is a small pinion, W, that meshes into and drives two corresponding` pinions or gear-wheels Y Y, upon` the respective shafts of which are chucks that hold the' pattern N and the work to be made. I I are the cutters, that are firmly secured to the collar of the saw, that followupon the outside of the saw, and smooth the work after it has been formed bythe saw. Tis u framehung 4by'a hinge at one end to the main frame A. This said frame T is made to rise up and down, and yield to the action of the guide or gauge-rollers M, as they pass over the sinuosities ofthe pattern. AZ-is a frame to which are attached -the saws and cutters I Il. The said frame Az is moved laterally across the frame A on gibs and slides B2 B2, the slides being attached to the pieces -C2 C2 of the frame A. This frame A2 is moved by means of two -lever-nuts D.2 D2, upon theend of which are weights E E, for the purpose of bringing down the levers` andengaging the nut with the screw-shaft L, and may be held in this position. by the latch F2, which, when in this position, feeds the saws and cutters to the Work. G Gr2 are weights suspended by a cord, H, that passes over the pulleys Iz I2, and connects to the frame A2. These weights are for the purpose of drawing back the saws and cutters after having passed over the work, and the nuts D2 released from the shaft; the cutters are then immediately drawn back.

The operation of this lathe is simple, rapid, and perfect, and consists in placing the block of an axle O into. the chucks of the lathe, and applying any power to the shaft B at the crank P2, when the whole machine is put in motion, and through the medium of the drums E E and belt F great speed 4is imparted to the saws and cutters I 5 and through the medium of the pulley .Il R P and S, a proper motion is imparted to 'the pattern N and axle-steek O2 and feed frame A2, which is moved by the screw-shaft L. It will be here observed that the gaugcwhecl can be set at any desired point on the shaft e by means of ascrew-thread on the saidshaft; and

when the frames A2 are drawn' by the weights Gr2 up to the side of the frame A, the gauge-Wheel should be set so'as to come directly at the-end of the pattern; and when the screwfshaft has fed the frame A2, which contains the gaugefwheel and cutters, to a proper distance, as far as desired, the weights E2 upon the end of the lever D are allowed to dropy down, which -disengages the nuts from the shaft,when, by the action of the weights- (Sr2 G2, the frames A2 A2 are drawn backand ready for another stock. It will again be noticed that vthe frame T is hinged at one end, which contains the pattern, and .stockl rests on the gauge-wheel M; and bo'th the axlestock and pattern having the same motion in their revolutions, and the same vertical motion, the stock is brought in contact with the saws and cutters so as to'precisely correspond with the pattern.A v

I am aware of the patent granted to Newton J. Glover, dated 'May 25, 1858; Smith Beers, December 3, 1850, andpJune 6, 1854; T. Clark, January 19, 1847, and reissued November 12, 1 850; butl thesevhave no relation tno my improvements, and I do not therefore claim them. I am also aware of the patents granted to T. Blanchard, September 6, 1819, and T. Bennington, January 26, 1864, and -August 14, 1866; but these I do not claim.

Havingnthus described my invention, what I claim as new anddesiretosecure by Letters Patent is- The arrangement of the pendentralne T, containing the gear-Wheels Y Y and W, pattern N resting on the vgauge-pulleys. M, the movable `france .A2, saws and cutters I and I,1evern11ts D2, screw feed-shaft L, and

Weights G, substantially as herein shown and described, for the purposes specified.

J. E. CROMWELL.

Witnesses:

J. W. HULIN, JOHN GIBBS. 

